Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) are some of the vital nutrients required for optimum growth, development, and productivity of plants. The deficiency of any of these nutrients may lead to defects in plant growth and decreased productivity. Plant responses to the deficiency of N, P, S, Fe, or Zn have been studied mainly as a separate event, and only a few reports discuss the molecular basis of biological interaction among the nutrients. Macro-nutrients like N, P, and/or S not only show the interacting pathways for each other but also affect micro-nutrient pathways. Limited reports are available on the investigation of two-by-two or multi-level nutrient interactions in plants. Such studies on the nutrient interaction pathways suggest that an MYB-like transcription factor, phosphate starvation response 1 (PHR1), acts as a master regulator of N, P, S, Fe, and Zn homeostasis. Similarly, light-responsive transcription factors were identified to be involved in modulating nutrient responses in Arabidopsis. This review focuses on the recent advances in our understanding of how plants coordinate the acquisition, transport, signaling, and interacting pathways for N, P, S, Fe, and Zn nutrition at the molecular level. Identification of the important candidate genes for interactions between N, P, S, Fe, and/or Zn metabolic pathways might be useful for the breeders to improve nutrient use efficiency and yield/quality of crop plants. Integrated studies on pathways interactions/cross-talks between macro‐ and micro-nutrients in the agronomically important crop plants would be essential for sustainable agriculture around the globe, particularly under the changing climatic conditions.

Collectively, these factors have led farmers to question whether micronutrient fertilization may now be required to meet the changing demands of crop nutrition. The Tri-State Fertilizer Recommendations state that in general, soils in Michigan, Indiana and Ohio have adequate amounts of micronutrients to support crop growth. The only reported micronutrient deficiencies in this region have been with B, Cu, Mn and Zn. These deficiencies can cause plant abnormalities, reduced growth and sometimes yield losses. Over the past 40 years, there have been ongoing efforts to evaluate the effect of micronutrient fertilization on field crop yields. Here we have compiled all available studies conducted by Ohio State University which examined the effect of micronutrient fertilization on field crop yields in Ohio.

As a gardener or farmer, you know that plant growth and development are essential to your success. But did you know that there are nutrients for plants specifically required to make this happen? In this article, we will explore the world of plant nutrients, why plants need nutrients, and how plants get what they need to grow.

Micronutrients are essential for your plants, says Tricia in our video about secondary macronutrients and the micronutrients. You know about the major nutrients, N-P-K. Those are the symbols for the building blocks: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. They're represented by the three numbers on the front of fertilizer boxes or bags.For more about them, check out our video here. With the lesser known micronutrients (like “molybdenum” -- if you can spell that you can probably win a Spelling Bee) you’ll need a lab soil test to know if any need to be added to your soil.Let’s have a quick look at the major mineral nutrients, and then get to know the micronutrients and find out what they do for your plants.

To be able to grow, develop, and produce at their best, plants must have specific elements or compounds called plant essential nutrients.A plant that lacks an essential nutrient cannot complete its life cycle—the seed may not germinate; the plant may not be able to develop roots, stems, leaves, or flowers properly; or it may not be able to produce seeds to create new plants. Often the plant itself will die.However, having too much of a nutrient can harm and even kill plants. For example, having too much nitrogen can cause a plant to grow more leaves but less or no fruit. Too much manganese can make the leaves turn yellow and eventually die. And excess boron can kill a plant.You can save money and effort—and even your plants— if you know what and how much to give your plants. The plants will be healthier and more productive if you give them what they need—no more and no less.

Cyanophycin is a nitrogen-storage polymer composed of a polyaspartate backbone with arginine side chains attached with their α-amino group to the β-carboxy group of each aspartate (Figure 30.2). It is synthesized by the enzyme cyanophycin synthase and deposited as granules in cyanobacteria as well as several photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic bacteria (Berg et al., 2000

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